Although waterfowl are the natural hosts of IAV, the virus is capable of infecting a wide range of mammals, including humans and swine, in which several strains are well adapted.
In pandemic years, IAV infection can lead to higher mortality rates the 1918 Spanish influenza pandemic was the most severe pandemic recorded to date ( 2).
Influenza A virus (IAV), a member of the Orthomyxoviridae family, is the causative agent of acute respiratory tract infections that affect 5 to 20% of the human population and cause 250,000 to 500,000 deaths per year worldwide ( 1). Identification of the common and species-specific molecular signatures, networks, and regulators of IAV infection provides insights into host-defense mechanisms and will facilitate the development of novel therapeutic interventions against IAV infection. TDRD7 is required for antiviral IFN response, potentially modulating IFN signaling via the JAK/STAT/IRF9 pathway. TDRD7 is predicted as an IFN-inducible host factor that is up-regulated upon IAV infection in the three species. Highly conserved gene coexpression modules across the three species are enriched for IAV infection–induced pathways including cell cycle and interferon (IFN) signaling. The molecular responses in the human host have unique functions such as antigen processing that are not observed in mice or ferrets. To identify conserved and species-specific molecular responses, we perform a comparative study of transcriptomic data derived from blood cells, primary epithelial cells, and lung tissues collected from IAV-infected humans, ferrets, and mice. Molecular responses to influenza A virus (IAV) infections vary between mammalian species. Ross, Elodie Ghedin, Adolfo García-Sastre, and Bin Zhang Show Fewer Carter, Giorgi Metreveli, Ariel Rodriguez-Frandsen, Matthew D. Forst, Laura Martin-Sancho, Shashank Tripathi, Guojun Wang, Luiz Gustavo Dos Anjos Borges, Minghui Wang, Adam Geber, … Show All …, Lauren Lashua, Tao Ding, Xianxiao Zhou, Chalise E.
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